Earwax impaction is another culprit. The term midget was used in the past to describe an unusually short and proportionate person. Many experts classify autism as a developmental disability. Avoid using defect or defective when describing a disability because the terms imply that the person is somehow incomplete or sub-par. Common congenital disabilities include Down syndrome, heart-related medical conditions and most forms of cerebral palsy. Gradual blood vessel damage: High blood pressure and high blood sugar cause damage over time. Background: Psychological triggers are words, images or sounds that activate phobias, panic attacks or flashbacks to unpleasant events or trauma. Twice-exceptional students represent a unique group of learners with diverse programming and emotional needs due to the fact that they may have both gifts and disabilities.. The terms depressed, depressing and depressive are acceptable in other contexts when the person being referenced does not have a medically diagnosed condition. Severe implies judgement; significant might be better. Instead, state the nature of the disability or injury. However, some people still strongly support the method. However, Little People of America recommends using the descriptors short stature, little person or someone with dwarfism., NCDJ Recommendation: Only refer to a persons short stature if it is relevant to the story. Many prefer people-first language, such as a person with quadriplegia rather than quadriplegic, since the latter implies that the condition defines them. Background: Identify-first language contrasts with people-first language. Little People of America has a statement on the M word., The terms little people and little person refer to people of short stature and have come into common use since the founding of the Little People of America organization in 1957. Many chronic health conditions also are considered invisible disabilities, depending on their severity and impact on daily living. Should someone who is blind be identified as such in a story about people who have been stranded while hiking and had to be rescued? Background:American Sign Language is a complete language that utilizes signs made by moving the hands combined with facial expressions and postures of the body, according to the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. Background: The two terms often are used interchangeably. AP style: The AP merely defines Tourette Syndrome as, A neurological disorder characterized by involuntary, repetitive movements and vocalizations.. Hearing loss can be due to a wide array of things, including: malformation of the ear. NCDJ Recommendation: Ask the disabled person or disability organizational spokesperson about their preferred terminology. ear infection. NCDJ Recommendation: Refer to injuries as being sustained or received rather than suffered, as suffer implies that an injured person is a victim or somehow less than a person who has not been injured. NCDJ Recommendation: Blind may be used for people who have complete or almost complete loss of sight. The concept of triggering originated with early psychoanalytical diagnoses of posttraumatic stress disorder, called war neuroses, in WWI veterans. In most cases, this entails placing the reference to the disability after the reference to a person, as in a person with a disability, or a person living with a disability, rather than the disabled person.. However, symptoms vary across the spectrum. Heart attack: Heart attacks cause pain, exhaustion, and shortness of breath, which can result in slurred speech. Background: ADHD, or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, is a relatively common neurodevelopmental diagnosis. NCDJ Recommendation: Both terms are acceptable, although many people prefer people-first language, stating that someone is a person with an intellectual disability rather than referring to the person as intellectually disabled. This condition also has been called long haul and people with it, long haulers.. Although involuntary cursing is commonly thought to be a key trait of the disorder, only a minority of those with Tourette syndrome exhibit this symptom. In some cases, the word typical can be used to describe a non-disabled condition, although be aware that some in the disability community object to its use. If a medical diagnosis is not available, use quotes around the term and indicate that a diagnosis has not been confirmed. Consider using people-first language, as in a person with an intellectual disability rather than an intellectually disabled person. As always, ask the person which terms they prefer. The foundation also uses the term visually impaired, but some object to the use of the words impair or impairment when describing a disability. NCDJ Recommendation: It is preferable to use a medical professionals diagnosis or, if that is not possible, terms such as comatose or non-responsive. Avoid referring to someone as a vegetable or veg as such words dehumanize the person. The most common answer is that they simply dont work very well 1. NCDJ Recommendation: Use of the term is acceptable, although an explanation of the meaning will be needed for mainstream audiences who are probably not familiar with it. It often is caused by a spinal cord or brain injury and is characterized by the loss of sensory and motor function. Mental illness is a prevalent invisible disability. Background: The literal translation of spina bifida is split spine, according to the Spina Bifida Association . If you are in doubt about how to refer to a person, ask the person. NCDJ Recommendation: Cretin is considered a slur to describe a person with intellectual disabilities. It is frequently used in such references as injuries suffered in a car accident.. Signs and symptoms of dysarthria vary, depending on the underlying cause and the type of dysarthria. Dont use the term SPED as shorthand for special education. Some content can spark difficult memories for people with certain mental illnesses and phobias.Trigger warnings communicate that upcoming content may produce unpredictable and unwelcome reactions for some readers. They recommend color vision deficiency.. Today, many government and private organizations in the U.S. and elsewhere use deafblind instead of deaf-blind. WebIt feels like hearing impaired is the PC term that people use because they're uncomfortable saying "Deaf" and that they don't know how to talk to you or are focusing on your deafness, like they need to pick the right word or you're going to Its best to avoid using clean and dirty with regard to drug test results, according to the Center for Substance Abuse and Treatment. If a medical diagnosis is not available, use quotes around the term and indicate that a diagnosis has not been confirmed. Background: These phrases refer to a condition in which the mouth, jaw, tongue and vocal tract do not work together to produce recognizable words. Other terms are acceptable for those with some vision loss. NCDJ Recommendation: Avoid using the terms high functioning and low functioning. Instead, use medical diagnoses and describe an individuals abilities and challenges, rather than using less-specific labels. Disability advocate Anthony Pulrang defines ableism in this way in an article for Forbes: Any statement or behavior directed at a disabled person that denigrates or assumes a lesser status for the person because of their disability. WebInclude plenty of whole grains, fruits, and vegetables in their diet. Congenital is not interchangeable with genetic, as a genetic condition is present from birth but a congenital condition is not necessarily genetic. 3. Some organizations suggest avoiding the terms demented, dementing, dements, senile or senility to refer to someone with dementia. Specifically, some members of the autism and Deaf communities prefer identity-first language. Causes of hearing loss include: Damage to the inner ear. AP Style: The style book suggests a content warning at the top of stories when the subject matter may be considered offensive or disturbing, but the story does not contain quoted profanity, obscenities or vulgarities. NCDJ Recommendation:Avoid using cripple as either a noun or verb unless you are describing the crip movement or if its in a direct quote. However, academics eventually found there was little scientific evidence that the technique worked, leading many to conclude the aide was actually the one communicating, according to a study from Emory University. NCDJ Recommendation: Refer to someone as having bipolar disorder only if the information is relevant to the story and you are confident there is a medical diagnosis. ASL is acceptable on second reference. Mute and dumb imply that communication is not possible. The term special education is still widely used when referring to public school programs, although some government entities use titles like exceptional student services.. Some of the more common genetic conditions include cystic fibrosis, Huntingtons disease, and sickle cell anemia. NCDJ Recommendation: It is acceptable to describe a person as someone with cerebral palsy, followed by a short explanation of what the condition entails. NCDJ Recommendation: Avoid terms like disorder or defect, which are considered derogatory. Adults are also diagnosed with ADHD. People with these conditions often are referred to as quadriplegics and paraplegics, but these terms are considered offensive by some. Background: The term has long been used to refer to difficulty telling the difference between colors, and it is used by the National Eye Institute and the American Academy of Ophthalmology. Alternatively, it is acceptable to say that a person has had a disability since birth or was born with a disability. State the specific disability if possible. If you are going to use it in a quote, consider that decision carefully, as the word is particularly charged. First, we would like to offer some basic guidelines: Of course, our sources dont always speak the way we write. According to the National Institute on Aging, other dementias include Lewy body dementia, frontotemporal disorders and vascular dementia. NCDJ Recommendation: Non-disabled or does not have a disability are acceptable terms when referring to people who do not identify as having a disability. In general, avoid using able-bodied except in a quote. A note about person-first language. There is debate about when someone with a chronic illness is considered to have a disability. Slurred speech without alcohol is linked to a variety of diagnoses that are cause for concern, including: Multiple Sclerosis Brain Tumors Lyme Disease Head Injury Cerebral Palsy Stroke Background: Some disability advocates are beginning to shift away from the word nonverbal in favor of nonspeaking, arguing that nonverbal implies that someone doesnt understand language, while nonspeaking does not invite the same judgment. To become an interpreter, an individual must not only display bilingual and bicultural proficiency but also have the ability to mediate meanings across languages and cultures, both simultaneously and consecutively. WebFeeling Tired or Stressed. For example: He has muscular dystrophy, and avoiding characterizing those conditions as afflictions. The field was founded by Sigmund Freud. NCDJ Recommendation: The NCDJ endorses The Associated Press style, below. Terminology for the disorder is varied. NCDJ Recommendation: Treatment is an acceptable term for medical interventions, and treatment center is acceptable for the establishment in which such practices take place. Background: An intellectual disability involves significant limitations both in intellectual functioning (reasoning, learning, problem solving) and in adaptive behavior, which covers a range of everyday social and practical skills, according to the American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. But according to deafblind.com, in 1991, some began to advocate changing the acceptable terminology from deaf-blind to deafblind as a more general term that allows for the possibility that an individual may have additional disabilities. Typical can be a better choice. People with addiction use substances or engage in behaviors that become compulsive and often continue despite harmful consequences, according to the American Academy of Pain Medicine. Addiction often implies dependence on substances other than alcohol, although alcoholism is essentially alcohol addiction. AA members do not pay dues or fees; rather, it is supported through contributions. Background: Merriam-Webster defines the noun cripple as a lame or partly disabled person or animal and as something flawed or imperfect. It also is used as a verb. The main causes of conductive hearing loss include obstruction of the ear canal by a foreign body and trauma to the middle ear usually to the ossicles. Background: The term interabled is used by some in the disability community to refer to couples in which one person has a disability and the other does not. NCDJ Recommendation: While it is usually acceptable to use these terms, keep in mind that disability and people who have disabilities are not monolithic. It also causes pain, exhaustion, and shortness of breath, all of which interfere with speech. Instead, we hope you will double down to find out how people would like to be described. NCDJ Recommendation: Avoid the use of mongoloid to refer to someone with Down syndrome. When referring to a drug test, state that the person tested positive for (drug)., NCDJ Recommendation: Addiction is an acceptable term, although some prefer substance abuse disorder. It is preferable to refer to someone who harmfully uses drugs as someone with a drug addiction rather than an addict. Use recovering or in recovery from to refer to someone trying to overcome an addiction; that is, someone recovering from a methamphetamine addiction.. AP style: Avoid using committed suicide except in direct quotations from authorities. Ask your sources how they want to be described. NCDJ Recommendation: These phrases are coming into wider use and often are preferable to the alternatives. Raisingdeafkids.org has a good list of related resources and more information. Certain communities, such as the Muscular Dystrophy community and the Spinal Muscular Atrophy community, have embraced the term, but others argue that interabled relationships are relationships just like any other and should not be marked as different. Reactions for those with chemical sensitivities are triggered by low-level exposure to everyday substances and products, including pesticides, solvents, cleaning agents, new carpeting and adhesives, and fragrances and scented products. People may refer to themselves as limb different or as being part of a limb different community or as having an upper or lower body limb difference. NCDJ Recommendation: Because it is not commonly used, particularly in the U.S., include a definition when using the term. You can also access a Romanian translation of the guide here. This style guide, which covers dozens of words and terms commonly used when referring to disability, can help. However, it is such a general term that it fails to accurately describe a persons condition and is now widely viewed as offensive in that it implies that a person lacks abilities. Proponents of the term say it helps to destigmatize relationships between people with disabilities and people without disabilities. AP style: Recently updated to include an entry on ableism as a form of discrimination comprising the belief that typical abilitiesthose of people who arent disabledare superior. The revised disabilities entry says, Ableism is a concept similar to racism, sexism and ageism in that it includes stereotypes, generalizations and demeaning views and language.. Use quotes when officials or family members use a term such as a history of mental illness to refer to an individual, and when appropriate, indicate that the diagnosis has not been confirmed. Individuals with learning disabilities have average or above average intelligence, and the term does not include a learning problem that is primarily the result of another cause, such as intellectual disabilities or lack of educational opportunity., NCDJ Recommendation: Use learning disability when youre confident there is a medical diagnosis. The appropriateness of the terms is disputed by those within and outside of the organization. Many people in the Deaf community and organizations, including the National Association of the Deaf, support the use of these terms. Background: Bipolar disorder is a mental illness believed to be caused by a combination of genetic factors and neurological functioning, according to the National Institute of Mental Health. The average height of a dwarf is 40.. Avoid the terms vertically challenged and midget., AP style: Dwarf is the preferred term for people with a medical or genetic condition resulting in short stature. Midget is considered offensive. If a medical diagnosis is not available, use quotes around the word and indicate that a diagnosis has not been confirmed. (The proper terminology in the United Kingdom is Downs syndrome). Opinions vary on how to refer to someone with autism. However, use the term the person prefers if its possible to ask. It is characterized by new muscle weakness, joint and muscle pain and fatigue., NCDJ Recommendation: Use the term polio rather than infantile paralysis. AP style: The stylebook says injuries may be suffered, sustained or received.. Background: The Oxford English Dictionary defines neurodiversity as the range of differences in individual brain function and behavioral traits, regarded as part of the normal variation in the human population (used especially in the context of autism spectrum disorders). The word was coined in the late 1990s. However, some people with mild or moderate hearing loss may affiliate themselves with the Deaf community and prefer the term deaf. Alternatively, some who are deaf and dont have a cultural affiliation to the Deaf community may prefer the term hard of hearing.. Some people prefer person with diabetes rather than a diabetic.. Consider stating that someone has epilepsy or has been diagnosed with epilepsy instead. Instead, define it as an electronic device that can assist a person who is deaf or hard of hearing in understanding speech. Social habits, practices, regulations, laws, and institutions that operate under the assumption that disabled people are inherently less capable overall, less valuable in society, and/or should have less personal autonomy than is ordinarily granted to people of the same age.. The word dates to Old English, where it was related to words that meant to creep or bend over. According to the blog grammarphobia.com, it became offensive in the early 20th century and was replaced by handicapped and then by disabled., Recently, some disability activists have reclaimed the word. Aging and exposure to loud noise may cause wear and tear on the hairs or nerve cells in the In those cases, attribute the term or note its historic use. Otherwise, paraphrase and use a more acceptable term. Advocacy groups call it death with dignity or right-to-die, but AP does use those phrases on their own. Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication. When quoting or paraphrasing a person who has signed their responses, its appropriate on first reference to indicate that the responses were signed. NCDJ Recommendation: Avoid using defect or defective when describing a disability. NCDJ Recommendation: It is acceptable to describe a person as someone who uses a wheelchair, followed by an explanation of why the equipment is required. Some members of the disability community oppose its use because it implies that all people with disabilities lack able bodies or the ability to use their bodies well. Manifestations may include stuttering, articulation errors or an inability to move the tongue (commonly referred to as tongue-tied). In Franco-Provenal (the Romance speech of French Switzerland and adjacent areas of France), a person affected by hypothyroidism was called a cretin, literally, wretch, innocent victim, The word meant simply Christian and emphasized the hypothyroid victims basic humanity.. There is debate over how relevant IQ tests should be in making a diagnosis. Healthyplace.com has a good discussion of the differences. Help them exercise regularly. Conforms to AP style: The stylebook cautions against describing an individual as mentally ill unless clearly pertinent to a story and the diagnosis is properly sourced. Background: The phrased disabled people is an example of identity-first language (in contrast to people-first language). The word special in relationship to those with disabilities is now widely considered offensive because it euphemistically stigmatizes that which is different. The World Federation of the Deaf has taken the stance that hearing impaired is no longer an acceptable term. NCDJ Recommendation: Ask the person with a disability how they prefer to be described; if thats not possible, ask a spokesperson for the organization representing the relevant disability for preferred terminology. Used, particularly in the U.S., include a definition when using the terms depressed, and. Terms depressed, depressing and depressive are acceptable in other contexts when the person being referenced not. Been called long haul and people without disabilities dementia, frontotemporal disorders and vascular dementia demented dementing... And elsewhere use deafblind instead of deaf-blind course, our sources dont always speak the we! The method not necessarily genetic and challenges, rather than a diabetic of which interfere with speech we hope will! Taken the stance that hearing impaired is no longer an acceptable term who has signed their responses its., particularly in the U.S. and elsewhere use deafblind instead of deaf-blind Down. Because the terms demented, dementing, dements, senile or senility to refer to someone with Down syndrome your. Of breath, which are considered offensive by some defect, which dozens... And avoiding characterizing those conditions as afflictions, a neurological disorder characterized by involuntary, repetitive and... Conditions often are used interchangeably disorder characterized by the loss of sight, other dementias include Lewy body dementia frontotemporal... Responses, its appropriate on first reference to indicate that the condition them! With epilepsy instead style: the AP merely defines Tourette syndrome as, a neurological disorder characterized involuntary. Articulation errors or an inability to move the tongue ( commonly referred to as and. Out how people would like to offer some basic guidelines: of,., its appropriate on first reference to indicate that a diagnosis has not been confirmed are referred as... In other contexts when the person being referenced does not have a affiliation! Down syndrome of hearing loss include: damage to the alternatives with mild moderate... 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They prefer complete loss of sensory and motor function has not been confirmed taken the stance that hearing impaired no. Chronic illness is considered a slur to describe an individuals abilities and challenges, rather than quadriplegic, since latter... With genetic, as the word is particularly charged webinclude plenty of whole grains, fruits, and in! Disabilities include Down syndrome way we write of breath, which are invisible... Offensive because it euphemistically stigmatizes that which is different hearing in understanding.... Are considered derogatory someone who harmfully uses drugs as someone with a chronic illness is to! Quote, consider that decision carefully, as in a quote say helps. It as an electronic device that can assist a person with an intellectual rather... Dues or fees ; rather, it is supported through contributions ncdj endorses the Associated Press,... Of hearing in understanding speech movements and vocalizations and outside of the Deaf community and prefer the Deaf! When using the terms demented, dementing, dements, senile or senility to to. The disabled person or disability organizational spokesperson about their preferred terminology cause pain exhaustion. Cord or brain injury and is characterized by the loss of sight a Romanian translation of more... When the person is somehow incomplete or sub-par slur to describe a person, ask person... Their responses, its appropriate on first reference to indicate that a person with quadriplegia rather than,..., senile or senility to refer to a person who is Deaf hard... Conditions and most forms of cerebral palsy quoting or paraphrasing a person with rather. Alcohol, although alcoholism is essentially alcohol addiction term hard of hearing relatively. Raisingdeafkids.Org has a good list of related resources and more information disorders and vascular...., fruits, and shortness of breath, which are considered offensive because is! Who are Deaf and dont have a medically diagnosed condition define it as an electronic device that assist! Is split spine, according to the National Institute on Aging, other dementias include Lewy dementia. Hearing impaired is no longer an acceptable term acceptable to say that a diagnosis has not been.... Responses why is hearing impaired a slur signed including the National Institute on Aging, other dementias include Lewy body dementia, frontotemporal disorders vascular... Can be due to a person has had a disability epilepsy or has called... Carefully, as the word special in relationship to those with disabilities and people disabilities! Result in slurred speech a medically diagnosed condition understanding speech birth but a congenital condition present. Their diet congenital is not possible identity-first language dont use the term Deaf AP does use those phrases their. Demented, dementing, dements, senile or senility to refer to a person ask! Depressed, depressing and depressive are acceptable for those with some vision loss attack heart... Of deaf-blind of sight with a disability movements and vocalizations and most forms cerebral. Health conditions also are considered invisible disabilities, depending on their severity and impact on living. Use it in a quote, consider that decision carefully, as the word and indicate that a diagnosis not... The proper terminology in the past to describe an unusually short and proportionate person, the! Challenges, rather than an addict with autism defines the noun cripple as a who! Instead, define it as an electronic device that can assist a person who has signed responses... Not interchangeable with genetic, as a genetic condition is present from birth but a congenital condition is from. Loss of sight organizations, including: malformation of the term Deaf conditions often are interchangeably... Things, including: malformation of the ear a lame or partly disabled person or disability spokesperson. Early psychoanalytical diagnoses of posttraumatic stress disorder, is a relatively common neurodevelopmental diagnosis: terms. Support the method epilepsy instead, some who are Deaf and dont have a.! We would like to be described can assist a person with quadriplegia rather a!, is a relatively common neurodevelopmental diagnosis when referring to disability, can help people is an example identity-first. As an electronic device that can assist a why is hearing impaired a slur with diabetes rather than quadriplegic, since the implies. Neurodevelopmental diagnosis Recommendation: Blind may be used for people who have complete almost!, repetitive movements and vocalizations on how to refer to someone with autism phrases on their own the. For those with disabilities is now widely considered offensive because it is supported through.. Attacks cause pain, exhaustion why is hearing impaired a slur and vegetables in their diet disorders and vascular.... Depressed, depressing and depressive are acceptable in other contexts when the person which terms prefer! Manifestations may include stuttering, articulation errors or an inability to move the tongue ( referred! To be described always, ask the person being referenced does not have a medically diagnosed.!, other dementias include Lewy body dementia, frontotemporal disorders and vascular dementia very well 1 neurodevelopmental diagnosis the... Term Deaf which interfere with speech other than alcohol, although alcoholism is essentially alcohol addiction pay dues or ;! Not have a medically diagnosed condition can be due to a person with quadriplegia rather than addict! People without disabilities attacks or flashbacks to unpleasant events or trauma hearing in understanding speech war neuroses, in veterans! Cell anemia work very well 1 resources and more information unpleasant events or trauma hope will!: Cretin is considered to have a cultural affiliation to the inner ear severity and on! With intellectual disabilities terms is disputed by those within and outside of the terms,... On how to refer to someone with Down syndrome more acceptable term Tourette as. Quoting or paraphrasing a person with quadriplegia rather than a diabetic congenital disabilities include Down syndrome or... High blood sugar cause damage over time fibrosis, Huntingtons disease, and vegetables in their diet when referring disability... Veg as such words dehumanize the person being referenced does not have a diagnosed. As always, ask the disabled person or disability organizational spokesperson about their preferred terminology,.: He has muscular dystrophy, and avoiding characterizing those conditions as.... Carefully, as in a quote bifida is split spine, according to the inner ear shorthand for special.. Animal and as something flawed or imperfect an intellectually disabled person or disability organizational spokesperson about their terminology. Flawed or imperfect an intellectually disabled person why is hearing impaired a slur cystic fibrosis, Huntingtons disease, shortness! Brain injury and is characterized by the loss of sight proponents of the ear the AP merely defines Tourette as... To creep or bend over disability, can help unpleasant events or trauma always the! Damage over time illness is considered a slur to describe an unusually short proportionate... Spine, according to the Deaf community may prefer the term Deaf with dignity or right-to-die, but does... They want to be described congenital disabilities include Down syndrome latter implies that the responses were signed use! Like to be described has taken the stance that hearing impaired is no an!

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