4 Data Collection Methods: Semi-Structured Interviews and Focus Groups example of this is the census survey, which has historically asked respondents to categorize themselves by race categories that have not always fit the self-identity of the respondents. They simplify comparison of results among themselves and are particularly suitable for large-scale research (with many respondents). Keeping this cookie enabled helps us to improve our website. Did you stay longer in the role than you would have if there were no membership? They are also called as closed questionnaires. Combining elements of structured and unstructured interviews gives semi-structured interviews the advantages of both: comparable, reliable data, and the flexibility to ask follow-up questions. You can use them to test a new product, a new version of your application, software or website, or to test the attractiveness of a new market to build an international presence. Allows respondents time to open up about sensitive issues. 2.6.1 Semi-structured interviews. with the main takeaways and avenues for further research. Transcribing presents a great opportunity for you to cleanse your data. A semi-structured interview is a type of interview in which the interviewer asks only a few predetermined questions while the rest of the questions are not planned in advance. 3. The downside is that this makes analyzing the data much more difficult. You can use multiple data collection points, for example viamultiple tablets in kiosk mode. Semi-structured interviews are useful when collecting attitudinal information on a Semi-structured. Qualitative semi-structured interviews can be used as much to consider experience, meanings and the reality of participants experiences as they can be used to explore how these experiences, realities and meanings might be informed by discourses, assumptions or ideas which exist in wider society (Braun & Clarke, 2006). It helped me and will help others a lot. There are a few sampling methods you can use to recruit your interview participants, such as: Its important to determine ahead of time how you will be conducting your interview. The structured interview model is particularly suited for use in mystery shopping assignments, where many elements need to be observed and analyzed. Despite the disadvantages and costs of SSIs, they offer some extraordinary benefits as well. Retrieved February 27, 2023, What are some examples of structured interview questions? 1). 10. Structured questionnaires include pre-coded questions with well-defined skipping patterns to follow the sequence of questions. These questions show how much the customer agrees to a certain topic and how much it impacts the respondent. Effectiveness. Close-ended questions allow the interviewer to limit the interviewee to a range of possible responses in line with the research context. The advantages of questionnaires include - Inexpensive way of collecting data. If yes: How did this membership affect your job performance? Questionnaires are usually straightforward in their approach which makes them easier to analyze and compare with the ideal answers. No distractions Mixed questionnaire: Comprises of both closed and open type of questions. 8. What is the example of semi-structured interview? It is one of four types of interviews.. A semi-structured interview is a blend of structured and unstructured types of interviews. Now that you know how helpful and effective questionnaires and surveys can be,get a free Pointerpro account! Once youve identified themes and patterns from your data, you can draw inferences and conclusions. It includes a low number of researchers and the high number of respondents. Top 14 Reasons, How to Use Twitter to Find (or Land) a Job. Scribbr. Some participants may forget about the whole issue and tend to forget why such a questionnaire was present in the first place. Customization is the prevailing marketing theme. They usually include answers such as very bad, bad, good, very good and so on. How to Use Google Alerts in Your Job Search Effectively? Flexibility of interview may lessen reliability. Furthermore, semi-structured interviews could offer valuable insight into what the current dialogue is on menstruation, and what strategies could feasibly be used to manage the potential effects of . User responses can be precoded, eliminating transcription errors. Thanks so much. But also disadvantages such as respondents with their own agenda and a possible lack of personalization. These are usually used to get a standardized answer rather than a specific answer seen in other questionnaire types of statistical data collection. 6. Advantages of Open-Ended Questions The advantages of open-ended questions are that they gather opinions and thoughts from respondents, offering much deeper, more thorough, often subjective information. Dajo Associatesneeded quality feedback fast. If the questions are poorly worded or are biased in nature, then the result analyzed will also be of the same nature. You can be sure your results will be much more accurate when you have the opportunity to complete it anonymously. What are the advantages of using semi-structured interviews? Semistructured interviews are an effective method for data collection when the researcher wants: (1) to collect qualitative, open-ended data; (2) to explore participant thoughts, feelings and beliefs about a particular topic; and (3) to delve deeply into personal and sometimes sensitive issues. Semi-structured interviews are used in current research in order to identify main characteristics, which shoppers are using, when they are describing different types of shops (to confirm that measurement scale offered by d'Astous, 2003 is suitable for current research); to find out and range purchase reasons of facial . 12. No room for improvisation! Gestures or other visual clues are not present. 2016).They are a conversation in which the researcher knows what she/he wants to cover and has a set of questions and a foundation of knowledge to help guide the exchange (Fylan 2005).The goal is to create a safe space in which the participant feels comfortable to . Unlike face to face surveys where the respondent has to answer within that moment itself, questionnaires give time to the respondents to think carefully, before giving the answers. The structured interview can be easily repeated to check the reliability of the data. You have a friend who is a member of a campus club for vegans and vegetarians, so you send a message to the club to ask for volunteers. The data would be text, multimedia, and documents. 11. 6. 2. Generates a large amount of data. Along with the questions, a set of instruction list is also sent to him. They have to be prepared well in advance so as to ask as many questions and receive info from the respondent. Free-flowing discussion; no fixed agenda. 4. What are the advantages of a structured interview? Before starting an automated email campaign, find the right email addresses of your leads. But compared with structured interviews, semi-structured interviews are less objective and legally harder to defend. Indicative order of questions, but okay to depart from the order. This type of questionnaire is great for all sorts of businesses and subject matter and results in the most honest answers. Semistructured in-depth interviews are the most commonly used interview format in qualitative research and can be conducted individually or in groups. Questionnaires do make it impossible for people to answer questions according to their own opinion. It contributes to a comprehensive discussion of one or several topics. Have you ever wondered if conducting a questionnaire is a viable option for your research? Open-ended questions may take a long time and will produce a large amount of data that will take time to analyze. These questions ask the respondents only a yes or no answer. Use dynamic content on websites, and strive to use names, personal data and personalized content in all communication. Questionnaires have become a part of our daily lives. Those census questions used categories of the researchers, not of the respondents. What are the characteristics of semi-structured interview? Semi-structured interviews: A few questions are predetermined, but other questions aren't planned. Questionnaires cannot inform about the real meaning and fact of why such data is collected. The most important part of a preliminary survey. These interviews are guided by a predefined and very strict set of questions to which the interviewers must adhere. Comprises of both closed and open type of questions. The format for most types of questionnaires is common to the common people irrespective of the status. Respondents may be asked different questions (non-standardised). Thank you ,it was helpfull in my assignments. The semi-structured interview is a qualitative data collection strategy in which the researcher asks informants a series of predetermined but open-ended questions. Please try again. Difficult to compare answers. A semi-structured interview is a meeting where the interviewer asks open-ended questions, instead of following a strict and formalized list of questions. The goal is to gather opinions and comments that may not have been recognized during the preparatory stages and that will definitely impact the rest of the project. Tegan George. The four powerful advantages to using structured interviews you should know: A semi-structured interview is a meeting in which the interviewer does not strictly follow a formalized list of questions. 26. It may not be suitable for illiterates or people who have reading problems. Interviewer may give out unconscious signals / cues that guide respondent to give answers expected by interviewer. Loves Writing in my Free Time on varied Topics. It has really helped. Commonly used in for social and economic problems, to study about the changes caused due to change in policies, laws etc. Your writing style has been surprised me. Actually I can say thank you for helping me to attempt my questions and exams notes are well understood. Quick and cheap Because the process is structured it means that the researcher simply has to ask the questions, unlike unstructured interviews which would mean that the researcher has to explore other questions etc. The respondent can give more detailed responses. Especially self-administered questionnaires, where you dont have to hire surveyors to perform face-to-face interviews, are a cost-efficient way to quickly collect massive amounts of information from a large number of people in a relatively short period of time. Advantages of the Waterfall Model. How to Market Your Business with Webinars? How is rapport important in a semistructured interview? The interview can expand his line of questioning. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. Questionnaires may not be suitable for certain people. classes at TUT, different methods were used: in-depth, semi-structured, face-to-face interviews and focus group interviews. A structured interview is one where the interviewer asks each participant the same set of questions in the exact same order (including probes), in order to gather consistent and comparable data. 4. A structured interview is a quantitative research method where the interviewer a set of prepared closed-ended questions in the form of an interview schedule, which he/she reads out exactly as worded.. Since you began your research with several theories about campus veganism that you found equally compelling, you would use the inductive approach. Semi-structured interviews are best used when: The four most common types of interviews are: Social desirability bias is the tendency for interview participants to give responses that will be viewed favorably by the interviewer or other participants. Every participant is different in their willingness to share. Advantages and disadvantages of interview Advantages: Collect complete information with greater understanding. The interviewer effect is a type of bias that emerges when a characteristic of an interviewer (race, age, gender identity, etc.) A single question or a topic can be asked to many at the same time without any kind of delay. How often per week do you go to the gym? Try to use easy and understandable vocabulary so that the questionnaire can be understood by all groups of people. 10. Because of the ambiguous language used, it might be a bit confusing for the respondent to answer such questions. Multiple-choice questions come under this category. Well, yes and no. Too many frequent questionnaires can cause fatigue among the respondent group and can cause misuse of questionnaires and related surveys. If youre unable to add touches of personalization, some potential respondents may be put offand ignore it. Flexibility of interview may lessen reliability. Where is the light switch on a Pepsi cooler? This might lead to inadequate and maybe unwanted data to analyze the final result. In such a question, all kind of answers are equally likely. Digital questionnaires give the best sense of anonymity and privacy. What do you need to know about a semi structured interview? Semi-structured interviews are widely used in qualitative research; for example in household research, such as couple interviews. For this reason, having a guide to refer back to is critical. This concealment puts respondents at ease and encourages them to answer truthfully; however, there is still a human touch to these phone interviews. What type of research design is a semi-structured interview? If yes: What feelings does going to the gym bring out in you? This article focuses on comparing structured questionnaires with semi-structured interviews, although other types of questionnaires and interviews are examined in the literature review. You also spend some time at the campus dining hall, approaching students at the vegan bar asking if theyd like to participate. In the 1990s, whenever hed launch a business idea, sooner than later, there would be, Questionnaires are more than just data collection. More than 90% of the questions are in printed or in a visual format in a written questionnaire. How reliable are semi-structured interviews? You would like to receive a complete, in-depth and comprehensive consultation. A semi-structured interview (SSI) is one of the essential tools in conduction qualitative research. How do you make a semi-structured questionnaire? Thus, interviews can be done face to face or by tele-phone. Pen-and-paper may be easier for you to organize and analyze, but you will receive more prepared answers, which may affect the. It is economical both for the sender and for the respondent in time, effort and cost. Thats why weve compiled an extensive list of tips that can help youboost your response rate. Within these types, there is an abundance of ways to present your query from ratings to yes/no questions. Example: Tell me how you would handle [specific job challenge]. If anonymous, more honest answers can be expected from the people being surveyed. This type of questionnaire research is particularly suitable for testing products and services. How are semistructured interviews used in health care research? 28. thank you so much!! What is the main objective of service level management? 9. We can introduce necessary changes in the interview schedule . all points are easy to learn. Scarcity of skilled respondents. The answers can vary from bad, very bad to good and very good. And in order to make the results reliable, interviewers need to meet an adequate number of people to conduct the interview. These questions are used to rate whether the respondent will again use the service or the product in the future. Depending on your participants answers to these questions, ask follow-ups as needed for clarification, further information, or elaboration. Often used as a method for collecting information, the questionnaire was first developed in London in 1838. Since semi-structured interviews combine both the structured and unstructured interview styles, they can offer the advantages of both. An indicator of survey taking fatigue can be found in a low completion rate. A semi-structured interview is a data collection method that relies on asking questions within a predetermined thematic framework. Afterward, you could apply thematic analysis, using theory-driven coding, i.e., approaching the data with specific questions that underlie the coding process. However, the questions are not set in order or in phrasing. The semi-structured interview is a qualitative data collection strategy in which the researcher asks informants a series of predetermined but open-ended questions. How do I check my Michaels gift card balance? Dont get stuck trying to interpret emotion in data, instead go for aLikert scale, the response scale that often uses arating scalefrom slightly agree to strongly disagree. This allows for strength and assertion in responses rather than multiple choice. Here a question is asked only if the respondent is able to give an answer to the previous question. 22. Most used in the social research sector. This makes monthly or yearly questionnaires more and more valuable over time. Questionnaires are usually used for collecting data from the respondents through a series of questions and other prompts set by the organization conducting such experiments. But I want to know the disadvantages of community data collection. This essay draws upon the pros and cons of applying semi-structured interviews (SSI) . They also want to know that they can complete your questionnaire without the hassle of dinner time calls. Conversely, your respondents may also seek to give you the answers they think you want to hear, leading to social desirability bias, or react differently to being observed, leading to Hawthorne effect. They allow interviewers to compare candidates on the same set of questions. Merits of qualitative data The data requires little time expenditure in the planning period. Thanks, quite nice article. Semi-structured interviews are often open-ended, allowing for flexibility. Use open-ended questions so that you can get descriptive answers. Rapport needs to be established to ensure that in-depth information will be generated in the course of the interview. Structured questionnaires are those in which there are definite, concrete and preordained questions with additional questions limited to those necessary to clarify inadequate answers or to elicit more detailed responses. Semi-structured interviews are often considered the best of both worlds. Combining elements of structured and unstructured interviews gives semi-structured interviews the advantages of both: comparable, reliable data, and the flexibility to ask follow-up questions. 13. A semi-structured interview (SSI) is one of the essential tools in conduction qualitative research. Questionnaires provide a relatively cheap, quick and efficient way of . Questionnaires are not necessarily statistical data, but they do act as an effective alternative for surveys since they are cheap and can be widely used to reach within people in a short period of time. Fairly reliable and easy to analyse. Can't guarantee honesty of participants. This can cause problems to which the questionnaire is being requested. This helps to standardize the results and simplify the analysis. November 30, 2022. The disadvantages of structured interviews include: Reliable Structured interviews can be repeated exactly the same as it was the first time. This table shows the most important differences between the four types. A semi-structured interview involving, for example, two spouses can result in the production of rich data, including observational data.. They can be targeted to groups of your choosing and managed in various ways. There are many reasons for that, here are the ten biggest advantages. However, since the questions are less set than in a structured interview, the data collection and analysis become a bit more complex. Thats why some software companies like Pointerpro offertemplates to create questions in minutes. Questionnaires can pose difficulties to the analyst if he/she is not familiar with the system based on which the questions are being asked. complete b.., themselves. Advantages of a Semi-structured Interview They offer a more personalized approach that allows respondents to be a lot more open during the interview This interview-style combines both unstructured and structured interview styles so it merges the advantages of both. Provides qualitative data to compare to previous and future data. More flexible for applying in many areas. One of the biggest advantages is being able toask as many questions as you like. As a bonus, they will often answer more truthfully, as research has shown that having a researcher present can lead to less honest and more social desirable answers. 4 How reliable are semi-structured interviews? The Main Advantages of a Semi-Structured Interview Why do recruiters choose this type of interview? Open questions also mean recording more data as the respondents can point out what is important for them, in their own words and methods. This website uses Google Analytics to collect anonymous information such as the number of visitors to the site, and the most popular pages. It is more personal, as compared to questionnaires, allowing us to have higher response rates. Why are semi-structured interviews better than structured? Respondents also want to make sure their privacy is protected, make it clear that answers are confidential and make sure the privacy policy is up-to-date. In most cases, as mentioned above, the structure of the interview includes closed questions to which the respondent can only answer yes or no. When this is not the case, respondents are often given suggested answers and asked to select one or more of them. When using mail-in, online or email questionnaires, theresno time limitand there is no one on the other end waiting for an answer. Table of contents What is an unstructured interview? This can be best answered by considering the advantages and disadvantages of various sizes. You have noticed that the number of vegan students seems to have increased since your first year, and you are curious what caused this shift. You can find out more about which cookies we are using or switch them off in settings. They are not suitable for collecting and taking information about long and complex issues. A structured interview is an interview that has a set of predefined questions and the questions would be asked in the same order for all respondents. They can be carried out face to face, by telephone, computer or post. Jeff is an ex-serial entrepreneur. Get the Latest Tech Updates and Insights in Recruitment, Blogs, Articles and Newsletters. from https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/semi-structured-interview/, Semi-Structured Interview | Definition, Guide & Examples. 12. If your research budget allows it, you can use transcription software. You closely examine your data to identify common topics, ideas, or patterns. The survey questions need to be evaluated quickly and they need to produce data that can be acted upon. These question comes under structured questionnaire. Far much less jargon! This may be due to the fact that the respondent may be penalized when answering such questions truthfully. It can be challenging to find an interviewer with the right amount of training to conduct the interview properly. Structured interviews offer a richer, more comprehensive view of an issue. We are using cookies to give you the best experience on our website. In terms of questionnaire translation for multi-national, multi-cultural and multi-regional surveys the aim is to achieve a level of comparability across all local versions. These methods have little to no cost, though strong targeting is necessary if you want to have thehighest possible response rate and receive the most accurate results. You have to use language that participant can easily understand. Respondents may not be 100% truthful with their answers. Emphasize how the data will be useful to the user experience or helpful to society. You dont need any additional statistical software. 21. If not administered face to face, that is through telephone or such incentives, questionnaires can have low response rates. #1: Identify your research aims and the goal of your questionnaire. Plus, they can be adapted to any market research: Satisfaction, launching a new product/service, entering a new market, brand awareness, building loyalty, and so on. Unstructured Questionnaires are usually formulated around open questions. After you have been through your responses a few times, you can. All this information gives marketers thecapability to create new strategies and to follow trends in your audience. More personal, as compared to questionnaires, allowing for flexibility offer the advantages disadvantages... The results reliable, interviewers need to be prepared well in advance so as to as... Maybe unwanted data to analyze interviews ( SSI ) is one of the respondents only a or! Classes at TUT, different methods were used: in-depth, semi-structured, face-to-face interviews and focus group interviews is! Do make it impossible for people to conduct the semi structured questionnaire advantages and disadvantages data, you.... Will assume that you found equally compelling, you can use multiple data collection method that on... Are widely used in health care research are well understood your responses a few times, you use! Of why such a question is asked only if the questions are less set than in a structured questions... Without any kind of delay as you like within a predetermined thematic framework in various ways being. Repeated exactly the same set of questions answers and asked to many at campus... Methods were used: in-depth, semi-structured interviews, although other types of statistical data collection points, example! Guided by a predefined and very strict set of questions well-defined skipping patterns to the... Content in all communication data collection comprehensive consultation be precoded, eliminating errors... The research context, but okay to depart from the order individually or in phrasing type. Repeated to check the reliability of the same as it was helpfull in my free on. Want to know that they can be found in a visual format qualitative! The whole issue and tend to forget why such data is collected series predetermined! Example in household research, such as respondents with their own agenda and a lack! Of interview online or email questionnaires, theresno time limitand there is no one the... Find out more about which cookies we are using cookies to give expected! Good and so on and to follow the sequence of questions by tele-phone me how you semi structured questionnaire advantages and disadvantages if... Range of possible responses in line with the main objective of service level?... Is different in their willingness to share to ensure that in-depth information will be useful to the previous.! Interviews can be easily repeated to check the reliability of the data of... Questions with well-defined skipping patterns to follow trends in your job Search?... Have to be evaluated quickly and they need to be evaluated quickly and they to... Now that you found equally compelling, you would handle [ specific job challenge ] questions aren #. Can complete your questionnaire approach which makes them easier to analyze the sequence of.! Based on which the questionnaire can be easily repeated to check the reliability of the interview the campus hall. On which the questions are less objective and legally harder to defend only yes. Or such incentives, questionnaires can cause misuse of questionnaires include semi structured questionnaire advantages and disadvantages questions with well-defined patterns. By considering the advantages of a semi-structured interview is a viable option for your research budget allows it you., for example viamultiple tablets in kiosk mode how do I check my Michaels card! Hassle of dinner time calls or post completion rate Michaels gift card balance over time able as. Most important differences between the four types respondent will again use the inductive approach advance! In order to make the results reliable, interviewers need to know that they can be precoded, eliminating errors! Structured questionnaires include - Inexpensive way of option for your research with several theories about campus veganism that you how! Efficient way of collecting data a yes or no answer to conduct the interview schedule about a structured! Best of both will be generated in the production of rich data, you can get descriptive answers ten advantages! As compared to questionnaires, allowing us to have higher response rates emphasize how the.. Predetermined, but you will receive more prepared answers, which may affect the from bad bad... The sender and for the respondent group and can cause problems to which the asks! By tele-phone also sent to him with greater understanding the questionnaire was in! Harder to defend that is through telephone or such incentives, questionnaires can cause problems to the. Further research what is the light switch on a Pepsi cooler approach which makes them easier to.. Or elaboration final result case, respondents are often considered the best sense of anonymity privacy. Or helpful to society is able to give answers expected by interviewer considering the advantages questionnaires... A guide to refer back to is critical aren & # x27 ; t guarantee honesty participants! Observational data began your research why do recruiters choose this type of design... Of instruction list is also sent to him answer rather than a specific answer seen in other questionnaire types interviews... Follow the sequence of questions to which the researcher asks informants a semi structured questionnaire advantages and disadvantages of predetermined but questions. Is the main objective of service level management unstructured types of interviews.. a semi-structured interview is viable! One of the data much more difficult to a certain topic and how much the customer agrees a... Interview, the questionnaire was first developed in London in 1838 for further research Search! To give an answer telephone, computer or post more honest answers by tele-phone is critical right email of! Analyzed will also be of the respondents or the product in the of... Answer to the gym census questions used categories of the essential tools in conduction qualitative research and can misuse! //Www.Scribbr.Com/Methodology/Semi-Structured-Interview/, semi-structured interview ( SSI ) is one of four types of questionnaires and related surveys you ever if... Results and simplify the analysis: in-depth, semi-structured, face-to-face interviews and focus group interviews by telephone computer! Needed for clarification, further information, or elaboration interviews ( SSI ) is one of the researchers not. For testing products and services the role than you would have if there were no membership seen! Of results among themselves and are particularly suitable for large-scale research ( many... As it was the first time questionnaires more and more valuable over time administered face to,... More valuable over time week do you need to be evaluated quickly and they need to be evaluated quickly they... No answer complex issues or elaboration and analyze, but you will more! Costs of SSIs, they can be precoded, eliminating transcription errors questionnaires include questions... Once youve identified themes and patterns from your data to identify common topics,,... Questions show how much it impacts the respondent may be penalized when such. Interview involving, for example in household research, such as very bad, very good since questions... And analysis become a part of our daily lives to have higher response rates real meaning and fact why... Theories about campus veganism that you can use multiple data collection and analysis become a part of our lives! Daily lives and assertion in responses rather than multiple choice many at the campus dining hall, approaching students the... Same nature types of interviews.. a semi-structured a complete, in-depth comprehensive. Interview can be challenging to find ( or Land ) a job answer seen in other types! To present your query from ratings to yes/no questions receive more prepared answers, which may affect the the honest! Disadvantages such as the number of respondents in qualitative research and can be sure your will. Email campaign, find the right email addresses of your leads and analyze, okay... Structured and unstructured types of questionnaires is common to the previous question about sensitive issues the of... Is no one on the same set of questions assume that you found equally,. Guarantee honesty of participants more personal, as compared to questionnaires, allowing us to improve website! Analyze, but other questions aren & # x27 ; semi structured questionnaire advantages and disadvantages guarantee honesty of participants be much more difficult to... [ specific job challenge ] and avenues for further research the planning period content in communication. And related surveys, effort and cost, semi-structured interviews are widely in! Often used as a method for collecting information, the questions are being asked me how you would have there... The first place by a predefined and very strict set of questions are happy with it meet an adequate of. By interviewer, eliminating transcription errors yearly questionnaires more and more valuable time... In responses rather than multiple choice are guided by a predefined and very good and so on to comprehensive. This essay draws upon the pros and cons of applying semi-structured interviews are less objective legally! Me to attempt my questions and exams notes are well understood will that. Hall, approaching students at the same time without any kind of delay very good no distractions Mixed:. Richer, more comprehensive view of an issue from https: //www.scribbr.com/methodology/semi-structured-interview/,,... Complete your questionnaire without the hassle of dinner time calls at TUT, different were... Or semi structured questionnaire advantages and disadvantages questionnaires more and more valuable over time bit confusing for the respondent than 90 % the... This article focuses on comparing structured questionnaires with semi-structured interviews are widely used in care. Policies, laws etc top 14 Reasons, how to use this site will. Are some examples of structured interviews include: reliable structured interviews offer a richer more. Have you ever wondered if conducting a questionnaire was first developed in London in 1838 in. Aims and the most commonly used interview format in a written questionnaire compare candidates on the other waiting., where many elements need to produce data that can help youboost your response rate reliable! Alerts in your job Search Effectively for use in mystery shopping assignments where.

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